丝绸之路，简称丝路，通常指的是陆地上的丝绸之路，但它可以广义地划分为陆上和海上两种，共有三条主道路：北、中、南丝路。除了欧洲，丝路经过了许多北非和中东国家，如约旦、巴基斯坦、叙利亚、伊拉克、埃及、土耳其、等。
The Silk Road typically refers to the land-based Silk Road, but there are actually a network of roads, by land or sea, with three main routes: A northern, central, and southern route. Other than Europe, the Silk Road passed through many Northern African and Middle Eastern countries,  like Jordan, Pakistan, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey, and more.

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在较狭义的意义上，路面的“丝绸之路”起源于古代的中国，从古都的长安或洛阳发起、穿越了甘肃和新疆，延伸至中亚、西亚、地中海各国，最终抵达罗马。最初，其主要目的是运输中国古代制造的珍贵丝绸。
In a narrower sense, the "Silk Road" began in ancient China, starting from the capital cities of Chang'an or Luoyang, passing through regions like Gansu and Xinjiang, and extending into Central Asia, Western Asia, reaching the various Mediterranean countries, and ending in Rome. Initially, its primary purpose was to transport the precious silk produced in ancient China.

没错，就是蚕宝宝做的那个丝。
Yup, the one that’s made by silkworms.

有趣的一点是，尽管丝绸与丝绸之路的关系如此紧密，但“丝绸之路”的这个术语直到1877年才被创造出来。这个术语是由德国地理学家和历史学家费迪南德·冯·里希特霍芬首次用来形容这些贸易路线。
What’s interesting is that, despite the Silk Road's strong ties to silk, the term "Silk Road" was not coined until 1877 by German geographer and historian Ferdinand von Richthofen to describe these trade routes.

除了丝绸、茶叶、香料和纸张，火药也备受青睐。纸张和造纸术源自中国，通过丝绸之路传播至埃及、北非和欧洲。中国的另一项重要发明——火药，被阿拉伯和欧洲国家改良为一种高效的战争武器。
Other than silk, teas, spices, paper, gunpowder were incredibly popular. Invented by China, paper and the art of papermaking spread through the Silk Route to Egypt, North Africa, and Europe. Another significant invention by China that was traded was gunpowder, which was improved by Arabic and European nations into an effective weapon for warfare.

古代海上丝绸之路上的主要香料包括丁香、肉桂、豆蔻、黑白胡椒和生姜。此外，丝绸之路上还交易了水果、蔬菜、牲畜、谷物、皮革、艺术品以及宝石和金属制品等物品。
The main spices along the ancient Maritime Silk Road included cloves, cinnamon, cardamom, black and white peppers, and ginger. Other items traded along the Silk Road included products like fruits, vegetables, livestock, grain, leather, artwork, and precious stones and metals.

提到食物，怎么能离得开主要粮食作物，例如大米、小麦这些呢~
Speaking of food, we must include staple crops like rice and wheat!

2014年有了历史性的时刻：由中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦联合提出，将“丝绸之路”一部分成功被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产（UNESCO）。这是跨国合作首次成功申遗的时刻。
In 2014, a historic moment arrived when China, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan jointly proposed to have a segment of the Silk Road recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This marked the first instance of a cross-border collaboration leading to a successful UNESCO inscription.

尽管它始于数千年前，丝绸之路至今还具有强大的影响力，促使了中国一带一路的倡议。到2019年为止，已有来自亚洲、非洲、欧洲、大洋洲、北美洲和南美洲的131多个国家参与了这个重大的项目。随着更多地区的参与和合作的深入，这些地方将会带来哪些美味呢？让我们拭目以待！
Even though it began thousands of years ago, the Silk Road's legacy is still relevant today, placing a huge influence in China's Belt and Road Initiative. As of 2019, over 131 countries across Asia, Africa, Europe, Oceania, North America, and South America are onboard for this monumental cooperation. Let’s wait and see what other delicious goods we can bring from all of these places!

参考文献：
References:

• https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1608562062211226016&wfr=spider&for=pc

• https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E4%B8%9D%E7%BB%B8%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF/434?fr=ge_ala

• https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1718589650715471516&wfr=spider&for=pc
  

• https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1768123235471661570&wfr=spider&for=pc
  

• https://www.027art.com/gaokao/HTML/12316681.html
  

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Road
  

• https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/silk-road#silk-road-spices

• https://www.history.com/news/silk-road-trade-goods

• https://festival.si.edu/2002/the-silk-road/the-silk-road-connecting-peoples-and-cultures/smithsonian